Various anti-inflammatory drugs developed so far have directed against various mediators (histamines, leukotrienes etc) of inflammation. Anti-inflammatory drugs can be broadly classified as-

1) Corticosteroids
2) NSAIDS (Non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs)
3) Immunosuppressive agents

Many ocular disorders are treated by the judicious use of corticosteroids commonly know as steroids (Corticosteroids or glucocorticoids, often just called “steroids”). They are involved in a wide range of physiologic system such as stress response, immune response, regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels and behavior. Some effects of steroid & mechanisms in human body are given bellow-

Effect of Steroid
Mechanism
Anti-inflammatory
; Reduce T cells & B cells responsible for Inflammatory response
; Inhabit mast cell & Neutrophil migration
; Inhabit prostaglandin by inhibition of Phospholipase A2
; Inhibits synthesis of histamine within mast cells
Allergic Reaction
; Reduce symptom (unknown mechanism)
Hyperglycemia
; Increase Liver glycogen storage
; Inhibits glucose oxidation
; Increase insulin resistance by cell
Alteration of lipid distribution
; Increase fat deposits on face/ neck
; Decrease fat from extremities
; Increase lipid production from protein
Blood cell constituents
; Increase RBC & polymorphonuclear leukocyte number
; Decrease Eosinophil, Basophil & Monocyte
Central Nervous System
; Various mood change (unknown mechanism)


Most commonly used steroid for the treatment of ocular disorders are-
Dexamethasone
Betamethasone
Prednisolone
Hydrocortisone
Rimexolone &
Fluorometholone

Fluorometholone is corticosteroids, most often used after laser-based refractive surgery all over the world. Fluorometholone ophthalmic suspension is indicated for use in the treatment of steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the eye.
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NGS
Eye Drops


Composition: Each ml Suspension contains Fluorometholone USP 1 mg.

Description: Fluorometholone is a powerful antiinflammatory agent of steroid group. It prevents the release of substances in the body that cause inflammation.
Fluorometholone ophthalmic suspension is used to treat eye swelling caused by infections, injury, surgery or other conditions.

Indications: For steroid responsive Inflammation of the conjunctiva, cornea and anterior segment of the globe, like-
q Scleritis and Episcleritis
q Traumatic inflammation of the eye
q Panuveitis
q Disciform and Interstitial Keratitis
q Post Surgical Inflammation

Dosage & administration: Instill 1-2 drops into conjunctival sac every hour during day, every 2 hours at night until favorable response is obtained, then use 1 drop every 4 hours; for mild to moderate inflammation, instill 1-2 drops into conjunctival sac 2-4 times/day.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Fluorometholone or any component of the formulation; viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, mycobacterial or fungal infections of the eye, untreated eye infections which may be enhanced by a steroid.

Pediatric Use: Not recommended in children <2 years of age
Use in pregnancy: The extent of systemic absorption is not known. Use with caution in pregnant women.

Use in lactation: Excretion of Fluorometholone in breast milk is unknown, Use with caution in lactating women.

Side effects: Anterior uveitis, burning or stinging upon application, cataract formation, conjunctival hyperemia, conjunctivitis, corneal ulcers, glaucoma with optic nerve damage, perforation of the globe, secondary ocular infection (bacterial, fungal, viral), intraocular pressure elevation, visual acuity and delayed wound healing.

Precaution: Prolonged use may result in glaucoma, elevated intraocular pressure or other ocular damage; may exacerbate severity of viral infections, Use cautiously in patients with history of herpes simplex.

Drug interaction: No data reported.

Package quantities: NGS Eye Drops are available in 5 ml Polyethylene bottle.

Storage: Keep in a dry & cool place, Protect from light. Keep out of the reach of children.


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Unique Feature

® Microfine suspension, ensures uniform particle distribution, longer residence time & rapid absorption
® Well-established efficacy on ocular surface
® Safer than currently available low dose hydrocortisone preparation
® Liquifilm advantages soothes, cools, enhances patients comfort
® Least risk to raise IOP



Ref: Product Management Department, Opso Saline Ltd., Bangladesh