Some disorders of the Urinary System

Urinary tract infections: UTIs are caused by the bacteria. Women get UTIs more often than men. UTIs are treated with antibiotics. Drinking lots of fluids also helps by flushing out the bacteria. There are three main types of UTI.


Cystitis: Inflammation of the urinary bladder.


Urethritis: Inflammation of the urethra.


Pyelonephritis: inflammation of the kidney tissue and the renal pelvis. The most common type of renal disorder, pyelonephritis may be chronic or acute.


Common symptoms associated with UTIs are-
a) Frequent urination
b) Burning or pain during urination
c) The feeling of having to pee even though little or no urine actually comes out
d) Pain in the lower abdomen
e) Pain above the pubic bone (in women)
f) A full feeling in the rectum (in men)
g) Bloody or foul-smelling urine
h) Fever
i) A general feeling of shakiness and fatigue

Kidney stones: It is the term commonly used to refer to stones in the urinary system. Stones form in the kidneys and may be found anywhere in the urinary system.

Prostatitis: It is an inflammation of the prostate gland. It is characterized by frequency urination with urgency, painful urination. In some cases, prostatitis is caused by bacterial infection and can be treated with antibiotics.

Proteinuria: Presence of abnormal amounts of protein in the urine. Healthy kidneys take wastes out of the blood but leave in protein. Protein in the urine does not cause a problem by itself. But it may be a sign that kidneys are not working properly.

Renal failure: Results when the kidneys are not able to remove waste products from the blood. Acute renal failure (ARF) is the sudden onset of kidney failure. This condition can be caused by an accident that injures the kidneys loss of a lot of blood or some drugs or poisons. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is the gradual reduction of kidney function that may lead to permanent kidney failure, or end-stage renal disease (ESRD).

Causes of urinary system disease: Problems in the urinary system can be caused by aging, infections or injury (blood loss). As get older, changes in the kidneys’ structure cause them to lose some of their ability to remove wastes from the blood.

Ref: PMD, OSL, Bangladesh

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